Friday, July 12, 2013

汽油五十元一公升能解決很多問題



      汽車燃油的零售價目前大約是每公升1.30加元左右,在短期內升至50元的可能性不大,除非有意想不到的事情發生使供應突然中斷,或政府使用權力干擾市場。

      油價保持目前的水平害處實在太多:汽車的使用量不斷在增加,以車代步成為生活習慣;在美加擁有一輛汽車以上的家庭極為普遍,有些人更以名牌轎、跑車擁有的多少作為身份象徵,看得出是炫耀性多於實用價值。在美加之外的一些新發展國家如中國、印度、巴西及東南亞地區,汽車增長率更加驚人,它們排放出來之廢氣造成空氣污染,嚴重破壞環境。由於建造道路的速度跟不上汽車的使用量,塞車成為當今環球幾乎所有城市所面對而難於解決的問題,只有程度輕重之別。

     為減低人們用車的熱忱,有些國家加重汽車入口稅、登記費和保險金,使擁車成為沉重的負擔;也有定下種種使用道路的限制,如按照車牌號碼之單數或雙數分日行車,或在市中心較繁忙之地段設立汽車禁區……但效力不著,汽車數量都一直在上升。

     燃油價格偏低也鼓勵了很多其他交通工具的使用:遊艇、飛機、豪華遊輪到處湧現,多得不可勝數。擁有私家遊艇和飛機是時尚的所為,七海遨遊是人人樂做之事。以往豪華遊輪的乘客非富則貴,今天幾乎所有平民百姓都可一試,均拜油價低廉之賜。

     燃油價格偏低也鼓勵了很多浪費:空調設備五花八門,人人樂用,甚至濫用。北美洲的房子愈建愈大,冬暖夏涼靠的是人工調節,而很多這類設備用的都是燃油或由它生產的電力。在多倫多的豪華住宅區,一些房子屋前的車道和屋後的泳池都用電力調温,極盡浪費之能事。

     我無意鼓吹把人類生活質素降低,走回鑽木取火,安步當車的年代。但當目睹這一切毫無節制之浪費時,又怎能無動於衷呢?

     回過頭來說,如油價突然升至50元一公升,路上之汽車肯定會減少很多,自行車會取而代之;人們或會安步當車,或改乘公共交通。當這種情況出現後,空氣污染的問題將有效解決。

     油價貴會刺激代替品之研究,如風力、水力、太陽能等等科技知識的突破。當石油被其他能源取代之後,為爭取石油而引起之衝突將不再發生,世界和平指日可待。

     汽油五十元一公升會改變人類的生活方式,有數不盡的好處。

     黄啓樟 2013/7/12



4 comments:

  1. That's exactly why I did not emigrate to USA/Canada, despite the full qualification.
    I cannot drive because of my bad eye.
    Without the mobility of driving, my life would be quite uncomfortable in USA/Canada.
    Peter Mok, HK

    ReplyDelete
  2. David:
    Easy say than done. Not every Canadian can afford to fly away in the winter time and stay away for months. I will ask you to stay home one winter and try to go out shopping for grocery using just public transportation. Then write this piece again. Next thing is to ask your two children to give up their car and go to work using just public transits. Then let me know of their response.
    I had those experience because when I first came to this country, my financial position was that I can use the money for the down payment for a house or used it to buy a car. I did not own a car for 3 years. Working in TV, sometime I did not finished work until very late. When I just missed a streetcar, I had to stand at the corner of the street for 30 minutes before the next car came. I can tell you that those 30 minutes was not very pleasant. By the way, gasoline back then was 27 cents per gallon.
    Anthony

    ReplyDelete
  3. 很有創意,50元一公升汽油,當然會改變人的生活方式,但〝世界和平指日可待〞這一善良愿望的結論,則不敢苟同。
    YC Chen

    ReplyDelete
  4. Poor me I can only travel by public transport then.
    goyeung

    ReplyDelete